two studies on vietnam the origins and nature of the viet cong the origins and nature of the national liberation front of south vietnam subject: two studies on vietnam the origins and nature of the viet cong the origins and nature of the national liberation front of south vietnam Under an agreement reached between East and West Berlin, ...read more, On December 20, 1957, while spending the Christmas holidays at Graceland, his newly purchased Tennessee mansion, rock-and-roll star Elvis Presley receives his draft notice for the United States Army. The French citizens living in Vietnam b. Polish resistance movement in World War II (it was a part of the Polish Underground State, the large guerrilla movement that initiated the Warsaw Uprising, as well as some other anti-Nazi partisan-warfare-based actions like the Zamość Uprising, the Battle of Osuchy, the Raid on Mittenheide, Operation Tempest, or Operation Heads). The communist-led National Liberation Front in the South was largely an indigenous movement, but it was supplied with weapons and well-trained … Vietnam War, 1961-1975. Q.4- Which European country colonised Vietnam? 1. More than two years after the Berlin Wall was constructed by East Germany to prevent its citizens from fleeing its communist regime, nearly 4,000 West Berliners are allowed to cross into East Berlin to visit relatives. After 1954, the Workers Party became the ruling party in the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, north of the 17th parallel, in what was supposed to be a temporary division of the country. With a suggestive style—one writer called him “Elvis the Pelvis”—a hit movie, ...read more, The United States invades Panama in an attempt to overthrow military dictator Manuel Noriega, who had been indicted in the United States on drug trafficking charges and was accused of suppressing democracy in Panama and endangering U.S. nationals. The film follows the economic impact of GM shutting down several auto factories in Moore's hometown of Flint, Michigan. For example, they carried out a number of bombings of U.S. military and government facilities, including the … This was revealed by Reuters in Saigon and by different papers published in . Related posts: […] After 1954, the Workers Party became the ruling party in the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, north of the 17th parallel, in what was supposed to be a temporary division of the country. Together, their movement defeated the greatest military machine the world had ever seen. But at the same time, we still know very little about the other side, the Viet Minh and the National Liberation Front (NLF) of South Vietnam. Here too terrorism and assassination was used by one movement (the FLN) against the other. And its founding program called for the neutralization of South Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. Later Vietnam was occupied by both Paris and Japan. Why Socialists Support National Liberation 4. Wars of national liberation or national liberation revolutions are conflicts fought by nations to gain independence. A "National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam" was recently formed in South Vietnam by various forces opposing the fascist Ngo Dinh Diem regime. The NLF, or the 'Vietcong', as the Americans were to call them, was made up of over a dozen different political and religious groups. North Vietnam announces the formation of the National Front for the Liberation of the South at a conference held “somewhere in the South.” This organization, more commonly known as the National Liberation Front (NLF), was designed to replicate the success of the Viet Minh, the umbrella nationalist organization that successfully liberated Vietnam from French colonial rule. An African country Nigeria becomes colony to Britain in 1861. Under the table leadership of Ho Chi Minh the Viet Minh, a people’s army offered stiff resistance to the Japanese. Earlier that night, the men were driving from Brooklyn to Queens, when ...read more. South Vietnam's principal aim was to gain the free world's understanding and support for its struggle against North Vietnam and its Southern political arm, the National Liberation Front (NLF). Then the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam was formed. Hanoi gave the regroupees military training and sent them back to the South along the Ho Chi Minh trail in the early 1960s. The group is better known as the Viet Cong (Việt Cộng) or V.C., short for "Vietnamese Communist. Vietnamese resistance. It also led the National Liberation Front (NLF) and its People’s Liberation Armed Forces (PLAF) in the south. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. What was the flaw in American officials' assumption that the U.S. military's superior technology and power would defeat the Communist forces in South Vietnam? To some, the Vietnam War was a crime – an attempt by the United States to suppress a heroic Vietnamese national liberation movement that had driven French colonialism out of its country. In 1954, French colonialists were embarrassingly defeated at the hands of the Viet Minh, a peasant-based national liberation coalition formed in 1941 by Ho Chi Minh. The U.S. military government forcefully dissolved the people’s committees that were formed as independent South Corean people’s organizations and exhaustively massacred and oppressed the national liberation movement forces and patriotic and democratic forces after the U.S. army came into South Corea in September 1945 as an occupation force. And it’s very striking that the National Liberation Front was the only group that ever called for the independence of South Vietnam. The National Liberation Front. The term is used in conjunction with wars against foreign powers (or at least those perceived as foreign) to establish separate sovereign states for the rebelling nationality. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. The causes of the liberation movement in the Afro-Asian countries in the post-World War II period ; Narrate the background of the liberation movement in Asia and Africa ; Short notes on the liberation movement in the dependent countries of Asia ; Notes on the national liberation movement in Vietnam and Indonesia after the end of the World War II The NLF reached out to those parts of South Vietnamese society who were displeased with the government and policies of President … Westerners came to know it as the National Liberation … Corrections? In December, 1960, the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam (NLF) was formed. National Liberation synonyms, National Liberation pronunciation, National Liberation translation, English dictionary definition of National Liberation. This document—a political discussion guide—was written for the members of the Independent Socialist Club of Berkeley when the Vietnam War seemed to take a new turn, with the Tet offensive of 1968 launched by the National Liberation Front. This is an essay about the NLF in My Tho Province. Vietnamese resistance. The NLF occupied the presidential palace in Saigon on 30th April 1975 and finally unified Vietnam. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/National-Liberation-Front-political-organization-Vietnam. In February 1965, the PLAF attacked U.S. Army installations at Pleiku and Qui Nhon, which convinced President Lyndon B. Johnson to send the first U.S. ground troops to South Vietnam a month later. However, from the beginning, the NLF was dominated by the Lao Dong Party Central Committee (North Vietnamese Communist Party) and served as the North’s shadow government in South Vietnam. In response to this colonization, it is formed in 1960 the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam (NLF), which wages a liberation war against the US imperialism agent. The Vietnam struggle for liberation was not confined to the limits of Vietnam, or even Southeast Asia. Sign up now to learn about This Day in History straight from your inbox. It also led the National Liberation Front (NLF) and its People’s Liberation Armed Forces (PLAF) in the south. Antiwar candidates ran … One hundred delegates representing more than a dozen political parties and religious groups–both communists and non-communists–were in attendance at the conference. This was revealed by Reuters in Saigon and by different papers published in . Residents of a colony c. As the struggle intensified, U.S. military intervention widened. A "National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam" was recently formed in South Vietnam by various forces opposing the fascist Ngo Dinh Diem regime. This they agreed to do and in December, 1960, the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam (NLF) was formed. The treaty, which removed those tribes from their ancestral homelands to make way for white settlement, ...read more, On December 20, 1986, three Black men are attacked by a group of white teenagers yelling racial slurs in Howard Beach, a predominately white, middle-class, Italian-American neighborhood in Queens, New York. Q.3- Which of the movement was against the spread of Christianity? The Việt Minh was considered by the Communist Party of Vietnam as a form of national independence front in Vietnam, it was also known as the Việt Minh's Independent Allied Front, Việt Minh Front. (Historical Terms) Also called: National Liberation Front of South Vietnam a political organization formed in … The National Liberation Front in Vietnam was composed of South Vietnamese under the direction of the North Vietnamese army. The People's Army of Vietnam, or PAVN, and the National Liberation Front, or NLF, shared responsibilities as the fighting and political forces of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, or North Vietnam. . Phnom Penh, capital of Cambodia. This document—a political discussion guide—was written for the members of the Independent Socialist Club of Berkeley when the Vietnam War seemed to take a new turn, with the Tet offensive of 1968 launched by the National Liberation Front. . The Sai Gon government could not suppress the aspiration of all Vietnamese people to unify the country, especially after the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam was established on 20th December 1960. The ABC of National Liberation Movements A Political Guide Introduction to this document. From a different point of view, such wars are called insurgencies, rebellions, or wars of independence. In December 1960, the National Liberation Front (NLF) was established in South Vietnam. The Saigon regime dubbed the NLF the “Viet Cong,” a pejorative contraction of Viet Nam Cong San (Vietnamese Communists). In response to this repression and in a political move to exert more control over the growing revolutionary movement in the south, the Communist party in North Vietnam forms the National Liberation Front in South Vietnam in December 1960. Obviously, judging from the causes and ultimate results it is possible to estimate that the Vietnam wars were rather liberation movement than social revolution. All Rights Reserved. Activist groups opened direct talks with the National Liberation Front in South Vietnam and sent delegations to the North. It was connected to and inspired people’s movements all over the world, reaching from Asia to Africa and the Middle East to Latin America and into the imperialist centers in … Consequently, the struggle for national liberation and unity took on an international character. From the civil rights movement to women’s liberation to protests against the Vietnam War, the 1960s and 1970s were an era of consciousness-raising … National Liberation Front (NLF), formally National Front for the Liberation of the South, Vietnamese Mat-Tran Dan-Toc Giai-Phong Mien-Nam, Vietnamese political organization formed on December 20, 1960, to effect the overthrow of the South Vietnamese government and the reunification of North and South Vietnam. The NLF occupied the presidential palace in Saigon on 30th April 1975 and finally unified Vietnam. The NLF, or the 'Vietcong', as the Americans were to call them, was made up of over a dozen different political and religious groups. The liberation struggle was welcomed by the masses of the south, who were widely alienated by Diem’s policies. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. Herbert Macaulay founded the Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDF) in 1923. What was the flaw in American officials' assumption that the U.S. military's superior technology and power would defeat the Communist forces in South Vietnam? Updates? The NLF reached the height of its power during the 1968 Tet Offensive, when the communists launched a massive coordinated attack against key urban centers throughout South Vietnam. North Vietnam announces the formation of the National Front for the Liberation of the South at a conference held somewhere in the South. It deals with the years 1965 to 1967 when the United States tried and failed through large-scale military action to crush the insurgents in the South. To others, the Vietnam War was a forfeit, a just war needlessly lost by timid policymakers and a … Many local officials of Cochinchina refused to collaborate with the French. The Weather Underground went on to carry out numerous attacks in protest against the Vietnam War and in solidarity with the Black Liberation movement. a. France b. USA c. Germany d. England. In response to this repression and in a political move to exert more control over the growing revolutionary movement in the south, the Communist party in North Vietnam forms the National Liberation Front in South Vietnam in December 1960. The situation led to the national movement fighting for peace and unification of the country. The Sai Gon government could not suppress the aspiration of all Vietnamese people to unify the country, especially since the National Front for Liberation of South Vietnam was established on 20th December 1960. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Personalities of the Liberation movement of South Vietnam by Committee to Aid the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam (U.S.) Publication date 1965 Topics Revolutionaries -- Vietnam -- Biography. Many of the Việt Cộng's core members were volunteer "regroupees", southern Việt Minh who had resettled in the North after the Geneva Accord (1954). Vietnam and the women's liberation movement interview with Sandra Hawker and Helen Jarvis [from Green Left Weekly, 26 April 1995]. Gradually, the national liberation movement spread over the entire territory of Vietnam and eventually the foreigners and local puppet regime supported by the US and France was defeated. Documentarian Michael Moore's first film, Roger & Me, opens in theaters on December 20, 1989. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) (sometimes not capitals) a revolutionary movement that seeks the national independence of a country, usually by guerrilla warfare 2. Obviously, judging from the causes and ultimate results it is possible to estimate that the Vietnam wars were rather liberation movement than social revolution. Anti-imperialism and Revolution 2. The Weather Underground went on to carry out numerous attacks in protest against the Vietnam War and in solidarity with the Black Liberation movement. Introductory Note. As we know, the FLN succeeded in eliminating its rival for hegemony in the national liberation movement, and, after victory, established the new Algerian government. Some led guerrilla groups, composed of the remnants of the defeated armies, in attacks on French outposts. An African country Nigeria becomes colony to Britain in 1861. Vietnam has gone full circle: From a neo-colony ruled by puppet dictators backed by an American occupation army involving 500,000 troops from 1955-1975, to its current ‘Communist’ rulers who have turned-over its markets, industries, ports, resources and labor to the 500 largest Western and Asian multi-national corporations. Q.5- ‘Colon’ in Vietnam was referred as-a. Movements of national liberation The anticolonial movement in Vietnam can be said to have started with the establishment of French rule. “The will to hold out must be brought home to every unit!” Halder was also informed that he ...read more. National Liberation Front (NLF), formally National Front for the Liberation of the South, Vietnamese Mat-Tran Dan-Toc Giai-Phong Mien-Nam, Vietnamese political organization formed on December 20, 1960, to effect the overthrow of the South Vietnamese government and … National liberation movements -- Vietnam. ADVERTISEMENTS: Notes on the national liberation movement in Vietnam and Indonesia after the end of the World War II. The National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam (NLF), was a communist army based in South Vietnam that fought against the governments of South Vietnam and the United States during the Vietnam War (1955-75). a. Scholars Revolt b. Hoa Hao Movement c. Go East Movement d. Liberation Movement. In a surprise move, the forces of the National Liberation Front (NLF) and the People Army of Vietnam (PAVN) attacked over 100 cities and towns across the country. National Elements and Imperialist Elements 3. And it’s very striking that the National Liberation Front was the only group that ever called for the independence of South Vietnam. The origins of the Viet Cong begin with the Geneva Accords of 1954. An armed rebellion led by the communist-led National Liberation Front (NLF), also called the “Viet Cong”, in South Vietnam challenged the corrupt U.S.-backed dictatorship in Saigon, resulting in the Kennedy Administration sending increasing numbers of military advisors to the country. Although the Viet Cong forces were soundly defeated during the course of the offensive, they achieved a great psychological victory because the attack prompted many long time supporters of the war to question the Johnson administration’s optimistic predictions. The NLF’s military arm was the People’s Liberation Armed Forces (PLAF). © 2020 A&E Television Networks, LLC. And its founding program called for the neutralization of South Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. 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